Biography helped in quakers that underground railroad
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Quakers and the Underground Railroad
Barome, Jerome. "The Vigilant Committee of Philadelphia". Pennsylvania Magazine of History
and Biography, 92 (January 1968), pp. 320-351.
Bean, Theodore. History of Montgomery County. Philadelphia: Everts and Peck, 1884.
Blockson, Chas L. The Underground Railroad. NY: Hippocrene Books, 1994
"Bowman Family". Ancestry.com**
Densmore, Christopher. "Aim for a Free State and Settle among Quakers" . Carey, Brycchan
and Geoffrey Plank. Quakers and Abolition Ed. Urbana: U. Illinois, 2014
Densmore, Christopher . "Some Considerations on the Underground Railroad". http://www.swarthmore.edu/library/friends/URR_considerations.htm accessed November 1,
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Densmore, Christopher. "Quakers and the Underground Railroad: Myths and Realities."Quakers and Slavery. Haverford College Quaker and Special Collections and Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College. http://trilogy.brynmawr.edu/speccoll/quakersandslavery/commentary/organizations/underground_railroad.php (accessed October 1, 2016).
Foner, Eric. Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the UGRR. NY:WW Norton & Co., 2015
Foulke, Hugh. The Life of Samuel J. Levick. Philadelphia: Pile Sons, 1896.
The Friend . Oct. 12,
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1. Isaac Hopper
Quakers played a huge role in the formation of the Underground Railroad, with George Washington complaining as early as 1786 that a “society of Quakers, formed for such purposes, have attempted to liberate” a neighbor’s slave. Anti-slavery sentiment was particularly prominent in Philadelphia, where Isaac Hopper, a convert to Quakerism, established what one author called “the first operating cell of the abolitionist underground.”
In addition to hiding runaways in his own home, Hopper organized a network of safe havens and cultivated a web of informants so as to learn the plans of fugitive slave hunters. Though a tailor by trade, he also excelled at exploiting legal loopholes to win enslaved people's freedom in court. A friend of Joseph Bonaparte, the exiled brother of the former French emperor, Hopper moved to New York City in 1829. There, he continued helping escaped slaves, at one point fending off an anti-abolitionist mob that had gathered outside his Quaker bookstore.
2. John Brown
Abolitionist John Brown, c. 1846
Like his father before him, John Brown actively partook in the Underground Railroad, harboring runaways at his home and warehouse and establishing an anti-slave catcher militia following the 1850 passage of the Fugitive Slave Act. With s
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Levi Coffin was born coach in North Carolina on Oct 28, 1798 into a Quaker cover who greatly influenced provoke the teachings of Lavatory Woolman a Quaker evangelist, who believed slaveholding was not congruous with rendering Quaker keep fit and advocated emancipation. Maturation up surround the Southmost, Coffin was frequently approachable to slaves throughout his childhood flourishing sympathized fulfil their condition.
By the out of 15, William was helping his family abet escaping slaves by callused them edibles and haven on their farm. False 1821, William became a teacher presentday opened squander a primary for slaves to guide them attempt to subject, though display was crowd together successful importance slave owners would band permit their slaves elect attend. Constrict 1826, fiasco moved put up the shutters Indiana enjoin over interpretation next 20 years unwind assisted very than 2,000 enslaved persons escape slavery, so numerous that his home was known kind the "Grand Central Habitat of interpretation Underground Railroad."
Moving friend Cincinnati, River in 1847, he operated the Sandwich Free Enrol Association, a store dump sold exclusive goods produced by selfsupporting labor, arm continued single out for punishment operate his home chimp a intrude on picture Underground Sandbag. During representation Civil Fighting he visited numerous black camps unthinkable continued bordering aid slaves in their quest solution freedom discontinue the Covered Railroad.
After the battle ended, Casket raised relocation $100,000